Lime plaster is a composite of calcium hydroxide ( lime) and sand (or other inert fillers). Gypsum plaster has good fire-resistant qualities. Unmodified plaster starts to set about 10 minutes after mixing, but it will not be fully set until 72 hours have elapsed. When mixed with water, the dry plaster powder re- forms into gypsum. It is produced by heating gypsum to around 150☌ (300 ☏). Gypsum plaster, or ‘ plaster of Paris’ (POP), is the most common form of plaster for interior walls.
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There are a number of different types of plaster, depending on the binder that is used. However, plaster is still very commonly used as a surface finish for interior walls, ceilings, and still sometimes for exterior walls. However, the use of plaster as a means of demonstrating artistic skill and expression had waned by the 19th century, when imitation and mechanical reproduction displaced it as a creative medium. Through history, plaster ceilings became increasingly ornamental, with those during the Tudor period being particularly extravagant. Greek artisans used plaster, mainly to cover the exterior of temples but sometimes also interiors.
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The Egyptian pyramids contain plasterwork comparable to that used today that remains hard and durable some 4,000 years later. See Rendering for more information.Ī form of plastering was used by primitive civilisations, creating durable and weather-resistant structures using mud. Render is similar to plaster, but is applied to the outside of buildings and has waterproofing properties. The term ' stucco' refers to plaster that is worked in some way to produce a textured rather than flat surface. The plaster is typically manufactured as a dry powder and then worked to form a stiff paste by mixing in water before application. The most common types of plaster are a composition of gypsum, lime or cement with water and sand. It can also be used to create architectural mouldings such as ceiling roses, cornices, corbels, and so on.
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Plaster is a building material used for coating, protecting and decorating internal walls and ceilings. 7 Related articles on Designing Buildings.